GRE試題

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　　GRE試題 1

　　farm to start his own business

　　(D) A city dweller who raises exotic plants on the

　　roof of his apartment building

　　(E) A union organizer who works in a textile mill

　　under dangerous conditions

　　20. It can be inferred from examples given in the last

　　paragraph of the passage that which of the following

　　was part of "the new and crushing experience of

　　industrialism" (lines 46-47) for many members of

　　the English working class in the nineteenth century?

　　(A) Extortionate food prices

　　(B) Geographical displacement

　　(D) Alienation from fellow workers

　　(E) Dissolution of family ties

　　21. It can be inferred that the author of the passage

　　believes that Mary Barton might have been an

　　even better novel if Gaskell had

　　(A) concentrated on the emotions of a single

　　character

　　(B) made no attempt to re-create experiences of

　　which she had no firsthand knowledge

　　dialects

　　(D) grown up in an industrial city

　　(E) managed to transcend her position as an outsider

　　22. Which of the following phrases could best be

　　substituted for the phrase "this aspect of Mary

　　Barton" in line 29 without changing the meaning

　　of the passage as a whole?

　　(A) the material details in an urban working-class

　　environment

　　(B) the influence of Mary Barton on lawrence’s

　　early work

　　of the English novel

　　(D) the extent of the poverty and physical

　　suffering among England’s industrial

　　workers in the 1840’s.

　　(E) the portrayal of the particular feelings and

　　responses of working-class characters

　　23. The author of the passage describes Mary Barton

　　as each of the following EXCEPT

　　(A) insightful

　　(B) meticulous

　　(D) poignant

　　(E) lyrical

　　As of the late 1980’s. neither theorists nor large-

　　scale computer climate models could accurately predict

　　whether cloud systems would help or hurt a warming

　　globe. Some studies suggested that a four percent

　　(5)increase in stratocumulus clouds over the ocean could

　　compensate for a doubling in atmospheric carbon diox-

　　ide, preventing a potentially disastrous planetwide temp-

　　erature increase. On the other hand, an increase in cirrus

　　clouds could increase global warming.

　　(10) That clouds represented the weakest element in cli-

　　mate models was illustrated by a study of fourteen such

　　models. Comparing climate forecasts for a world with

　　double the current amount of carbon dioxide, researchers

　　found that the models agreed quite well if clouds were

　　(15)not included. But when clouds were incorporated, a wide

　　range of forecasts was produced. With such discrepancies

　　plaguing the models, scientists could not easily predict

　　how quickly the world’s climate would change, nor could

　　they tell which regions would face dustier droughts or

　　deadlier monsoons.

　　24.The author of the passage is primarily concerned

　　with

　　(A) confirming a theory

　　(B) supporting a statement

　　(D) predicting future discoveries

　　(E) reconciling discrepant findings

　　25. It can be inferred that one reason the fourteen models

　　described in the passage failed to agree was that

　　(A) they failed to incorporate the most up-to-date

　　information about the effect of clouds on

　　climate

　　(B) they were based on faulty information about

　　factors other than clouds that affect climate.

　　the overall effects of clouds on climate

　　(D) their originators disagreed about the kinds of

　　forecasts the models should provide

　　(E) their originators disagreed about the factors

　　GRE試題 2

　　Unlike most Jane Austen scholarship before 1980, much recent scholarship analyzes the novels of Austen, who lived from 1775 to 1817, in the context of Austen’s tumultuous times, which saw the French and American revolutions and the Napoleonic Wars. Yet Frantz notes another revolution, rarely mentioned in Austen scholarship: the Great Masculine Renunciation that altered conventions in men’s dress and behavior. During the later eighteenth century, wealthy gentlemen exchanged the velvets and satins long in fashion for somber woolen suits. Frantz contends that this change reflected deeper cultural changes. The value once placed on men’s expressiveness, reflected in Mackenzie’s novel The Man of Feeling (1771), gave way to a preference for emotional restraint. In Austen’s novels, the heroine often struggles to glimpse the true nature of hero beneath his reserved exterior.

　　1. The author of the passage mentions The Man of Feeling (1771) in order to

　　A. contrast Mackenzie’s reasons for writing novels with those of Austen

　　B. introduce evidence regarding the influence of particular writers on Austen

　　C. corroborate a claim that a convention of masculine behavior changed during Austen’s lifetime

　　D. suggest that Austen’s novels were more reflective of their historical context than Mackenzie’s had been

　　E. challenge a particular misconception about the modes of behavior common among gentlemen in the later eighteenth century

　　2. The passage suggests which of the following about scholarship on Jane Austen?

　　A. Much recent scholarship has begun to place greater emphasis on gender conventions governing men’s behavior during Austen’s lifetime.

　　B. Some scholarship has debated whether Austen’s novels depict emotional restraint as an admiral quality.

　　C. Certain scholars argue that Austen’s novels do not accurately reflect cultural changes during Austen’s lifetime that changed the way gentlemen dressed and behaved.

　　D. After 1980, scholarship on Austen shifted toward a greater emphasis on the historical context in which she wrote.

　　E. With few exceptions, recent scholarship depicts Austen as a writer who had little interest in the tumultuous events of her time.

　　答案：C D

　　GRE試題 3

　　Thediscovery of subsurface life on Earth, surviving independently from surfacelife, refuted the belief that biological processes require not only liquidwater but sunlight as well, thus greatly enhancing the possibility of lifebeyond Earth. Take Jupiter’s moonEuropa. Space probes show a body covered with a thick layer of ice. AsEuropa orbits its planet, however, it flexes due to the gravitationaltug-of-war between it, its sister moons, and Jupiter. Through friction, thisflexing produces heat in the moon’s interior capable of melting ice. Indeed,observations suggest liquid water exists beneath Europa’s icy crust.Photosynthetic life is impossible there because sunlight is completely absent,but life such as the microbes that flourish deep within earth may still bepossible.

　　The highlighted sentence “take Jupiter’s moon Europa” serves tointroduce

　　A. aninstance that allows a hypothesis to be tested

　　B. speculationgrounded in empirical discovery

　　C. a deductionfrom a newly advanced hypothesis

　　D. alarge-scale effect of an apparently insignificant contingency

　　E. thederivation of a contradiction to refute a claim

　　解析

　　閱讀思考呀!注意段落結構和作者思路呀!

　　答案：B

　　解析：為什么是B不是A呢?為什么呢?為什么呢?

　　要看文章結構呀!文章首先說地球上的一個重要發現，接著說該發現提高了天外星體存在生命的可能性。然后就是這句高亮句：take Jupiter’s moon Europa。這確實是一個例子，但后文對其描述用的是“may still bepossible”這樣的'文字。所以B選項speculation ，結合前文的empirical discovery是對其更準確的概括。A選項to be tested 原文是沒有依據的。

　　GRE試題 4

　　From 1910 to 1913, women suffragists in the United States organized annual parades—activity traditionally conducted by men to proclaim solidarity in some cause—not only as a public expression of suffragist solidarity but also a conscious transgression of the rules of social order: women’s very presence in the streets challenged traditional notions of femininity and restrictions on women’s conduct. While recognizing the parade’s rhetorical force as a vehicle for social change, scholars have recently begun to examine its drawbacks as a form of protest. Lumsden characterizes the American suffrage parade as a “double-edged sword”, arguing that women’s efforts to proclaim their solidarity left them open to patronizing commentary from press and public and to organized opposition from antisuffragists.

　　1. It can be inferred from the passage that men’s and women’s parades were similar in that both

　　A. were employed as rhetorical vehicles for social change

　　B. were regarded as violating contemporary standards of public decorum

　　C. made participants vulnerable to organized opposition

　　D. were largely ineffective as forms of protest

　　E. were intended by their participants as public declarations of solidarity

　　2. The passage suggests which of the following about proponents of the “rules of social order?”

　　A. They frowned upon public displays such as parades.

　　B. They had ulterior motives for objecting to women’s participation in suffrage parades.

　　C. They formed the core of the organized opposition to women suffrage.

　　D. They believed that it was unfeminine for women to march in suffrage parades.

　　E. They supported women’s rights to vote but disapprove some of the methods that suffragists employed to gain that right.

　　答案：

　　E D

　　GRE試題 5

　　新東方金牌名師直沖高分！2017年GRE考試全程保過課程火熱開售中>>28、 Manipulating laboratory tissue cultures with hormones is one thing; using hormones to treat human beings, however, is contingent on whether hormones that _______ in the laboratory can affect _________ organisms, and in predictable ways.

　　(A) develop...similar

　　(B) succeed...simple

　　(D) work...whole

　　(E) reproduce...unknown

　　分析：空格 1 填入一個動詞，表示"荷爾蒙(hormones)"在"實驗室(in the laboratory)"的狀態，分號表示前后一致，所以空格 1 應該體現"培養"的含義;空格 2 填入一個形容詞，修飾"組織(organisms)",應該體現"需要治療"的含義。A 發展""類似的;B 成功""簡單的;C 失敗""細胞的;D 起效果""全部的;E 復制""未知的。ABDE 的第一個詞都可以，而只有 D 的第二個詞是"需要治療"的上義詞，所以 D 為正確答案。

　　翻譯：用荷爾蒙來控制實驗室的組織培養是一回事，而用荷爾蒙治療人類疾病則取決于在實驗中有效的荷爾蒙能否按照預計的方式影響所有組織。

　　擴展：本題反應的是關于實驗室研究和實踐之間的關系，其實也就是理論和實踐的關系。

　　29、 Contrary to the popular conception that it is powered by conscious objectivity, science often operates through error,happy accidents, ______ and persistence in spite of mistakes.

　　(A) facts

　　(B) controls

　　(D) deductions

　　(E) calculations

　　分析：本題屬于"平行結構模式"，空格要填的和"誤差(error)"、"意外驚喜(happy accidents)"和"對即便是錯誤的東西的堅持(persistence in spite of mistakes)"要屬于同樣的范疇，并且，Contrary to 表達前后對比關系，空格要體現和"清醒的'客觀性(conscious objectivity)"相對的含義，即屬于"不清醒的主觀意識"范疇的概念。A 事實;B 控制;C 預感，第六感;D 演繹，推論;E 計算。C 選項正確。

　　翻譯：流行的觀點認為科學是由清醒的客觀性控制的，然而與之相反的是，科學的運轉往往通過誤差、意外驚喜、第六感和對即便是錯誤的事情的堅持來實現。

　　擴展：本題可以思考關于科學研究中非客觀因素對科學發展帶來的影響，比如因為一些偶然事件或者錯誤而帶來的正面效應等。

　　30、 The well-trained engineer must understand fields as diverse as physics, economics, geology, and sociology; thus, an overly _________engineering curriculum should be avoided.

　　(A) narrow

　　(B) innovative

　　(D) rigorous

　　(E) academic

　　分析：空格填入一個形容詞，修飾"工程專業的課程(engineering curriculum)";分號表示前后重復，thus表示因果，avoid 表示否定，所以空格應該和 diverse 語義對應，并且填 diverse 的反義詞。A 狹窄的;B 創新的;C 有競爭力的;D 嚴格的，嚴厲的;E 學院的。A 選項正確。

　　翻譯：訓練有素的工程師必須了解多種領域的知識，比如物理學、經濟學、地質學和社會學;因此，我們應該避免過分狹窄的工程類課程。

　　擴展：本題可以擴展關于學科相關性和知識關聯的內容。

　　GRE試題 6

　　Whereas Carlos Bulosan aimed through fiction and personal testimony to advance both Filipino civil rights in the United States and the social transformation of the Philippines, Yen Le Espiritu has set herself the task of recovering life histories of Filipino Americans. Her work brings Filipino Americans of the generation following the 1934-1965 immigration hiatus graphically to life. A special strength is the representation of Filipino American women, who were scarce among immigrants before the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration but composed more than half of the immigrants to America since liberalization in 1965. Espiritu’s subjects document their changing sense of Filipino identity in the United States, much as Bulosan did as a member of the first substantial wave of immigrants.

　　1. According to the passage, both Bulosan and Espiritu do which of the following in their work?

　　A. Consider generational differences in Filipino immigrants’ responses to life in the United States

　　B. Attempt to make allowance for the demographic variations among Filipino immigrants to the United States

　　C. Employ fiction in addition to documenting actual life histories of Filipino immigrants to the United States

　　D. Represent how life in the United States has affected immigrants’ sense of Filipino identity

　　E. Examine the effects on Filipinos in the United States of the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration

　　2. In the context in which it appears, “graphically” most nearly means

　　A. in writing

　　B. by means of drawing

　　C. impressionistically

　　D. diagrammatically

　　E. vividly

　　答案：

　　D E

　　GRE試題 7

　　1800 Thomas Dilworth’s New Guide to the English Dialogue was being widely used to teach reading in the United States. Dilworths primer, unlike earlier ones, stressed the importance of children’s understanding what they read. While it is in fact unlikely that children would have recognized all the vocabulary Dilworth used, that was at least his stated goal. Dilworth recognized that primers should enable children to decode words from print with the form of language they already knew: speech. In contrast, many earlier authors assumed that, just as introductory Latin texts taught children an unknown language, introductory English texts should teach English as if it, too, were an unknown language—such their esoteric choice of vocabulary, it in effect became unknown.

　　1. According to the passage, the “earlier authors” adopted a model for English instruction that

　　A. mirrored the practice used in Latin instruction

　　B. was originally formulated by Dilworth

　　C. was less esoteric than that adopted by Dilworth

　　D. stressed familiarity with the peculiarities of English spelling

　　E. emphasized the importance of fluent and articulate speech

　　2. The author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following criticisms of English primers predating Dilworth’s?

　　A. Their Latinate grammatical terms poorly described the structures of English.

　　B. They failed to make effective use of the knowledge of language a child already possessed.

　　C. Their texts typically focused on subject matter that held little intrinsic interest for their readers.

　　D. They neglected to teach the language in a sufficiently systematic way.

　　E. They required a pedagogical method that few American teachers of the era possessed.

　　答案：

　　A B

　　GRE試題 8

　　25、 In response to the follies of todays commercial and political worlds, the author does not _________ inflamed indignation, but rather _________ the detachment and smooth aphoristic prose of an eighteenth-century wit.

　　(A) display...rails at

　　(B) rely on...avoids

　　(D) express...affects

　　(E) resort to...spurns

　　分析：空格 1 填入一個動詞，表示"作者(author)"對于"過激的憤怒(inflamed indignation)"的行為，空格 2 填入一個動詞，表示作者對于"客觀和舒緩的格言式散文(detachment and smooth aphoristic prose)"做出的動作。由于 not…but…構成對比關系，而空格作用的對象已經對立，所以空格要填一組同義詞。A 呈現，展現""突然襲擊，侵吞，攫取，挖取;B 依賴""避免;C 抑制""依附，依靠，堅持，墨守;D 表達""模仿，影響，喜歡;E 采取，訴諸""蔑視，踐踏。D 選項正確。

　　翻譯：針對當今世界商界和政界的愚昧，這個作家沒有表達一種過激的憤怒，而是模仿某位 18 世紀智者那種客觀和舒緩的、警句格式的散文體(來表達自己的觀點)。

　　擴展：無

　　26、 The success of science is due in great part to its emphasis on________: the reliance on evidence rather than ________and the willingness to draw conclusions even when they conflict with traditional beliefs.

　　(A) causality...experimentation

　　(B) empiricism...facts

　　(D) creativity...observation

　　(E) conservatism...assumptions

　　分析：空格 1 填入一個名詞，表示"科學的成功(success of science)"所依賴的因素，應該是正評價詞;空格 2 填入一個名詞，因為 rather than 構成了結構對比，所以空格 2 表示和"證據(evidence)"相反。A 起因，因果關系""實驗;B 經驗主義""事實;C 客觀性""先入為主的意見，偏見;D 創造性""觀察;E 保護，保存""假設。只有 C 選項符合推理。

　　翻譯：科學的成功很大程度上是因為它強調客觀性，即依靠證據，而不是先入為主的意見和得到結論的主觀意愿，哪怕是和傳統信仰沖突的時候。

　　擴展：本題可以擴展關于"科學客觀性"的話題。

　　27、 Because they have been so dazzled by the calendars and the knowledge of astronomy possessed by the Mayan civilization, some anthropologists have _________ achievements like the sophisticated carved calendar sticks of the Winnebago people.

　　(A) described

　　(B) acknowledged

　　(D) defended

　　(E) authenticated

　　分析：空格填入一個動詞，表示"人類學家(anthropologists)"對"成功(achievements)"做的動作。because表示因果關系，所以空格應該體現"看花眼(dazzled)"的結果，即"看不清楚"之類的`含義。A 描述;B承認;C 忽視;D 防護，辯護;E 驗證真實性。C 選項正確。

　　翻譯：由于他們被瑪雅文化所包含的歷法和天文學知識搞得眼花繚亂，所以一些人類學家忽視了諸如溫尼貝戈人所雕刻的復雜精美的日歷棒的成功。

　　背景：本題可以擴展關于瑪雅文化的相關知識，尤其是關于他們的歷法和天文學研究的內容，這也是人們比較感興趣的"世界末日"預言的內容。

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