一、教學目標

通過本章復習，使學生明白在句子中賓語的概念及用法。

二、教學重點和難點

賓語的復合結構與雙賓語，不定式與動詞的ing形式作賓語，帶疑問詞的不定式作賓語與賓語從句

三、教學方法

Teacher

1．What is object?

2．Give examples, showing what is transitive and what is intransitive.

3．We often speak of a verb as “transitive ”if it takes an object, and “intransitive” if it doesn't. And usually the same verb is used both transitively and intransitively.

（能夠跟賓語的動詞叫及物動詞，不跟賓語的動詞叫不及物動詞。通常一動詞既可跟賓語，又可不跟賓語。）

4．All this （the students' sentences----see left） is correct. In each group, there are two sentences, the former shows that the verb is transitive and the later shows that it is an intransitive verb. What else do you know about transitive verb ?

5．Besides the verb-groups you used in the sentences what else do you know（group verbs ）?

6．What can be an object?

7．在有些情況下用it在句子中作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語不定式或動詞的ing形式放在句子的后邊。你們能舉幾個例子嗎？

8．By the objective complement we mean that part of the sentence which stands in the same relation to the object as the predicate stands to the subject.

9．We can compare the following.

主謂句

He was a monitor.

Tom was angry.

She laughed.

In the first two sentences, “He” and“Tom” are subjects and “was a monitor”, “was angry ” are predicates. In the third sentence “She” is subject and “laughed” is predicate. （前兩句是主謂結構，“He”與“Tom”分別是主語，“was a monitor”與“was angry”分別是復合謂語。第三句“She”是主語，“laugh”是謂語。）

10．Nouns, adjectives and infinitives can be used as objective complements.

（名詞，形容詞及不定式可用作補語。）

11．In the following., nouns are used as objective complements.

We made him chairman.

We consider him an honest boy.

He named his son John.

I think this a great shame.

這幾個句子都是名詞作賓補。

12． In a sentence, participles can also be used as objective complements.

在一個句子中分詞也可以作賓補。

In the following, ~ing form is used as objective complement. （現在分詞）

I found him playing with a snake.

I heard him singing in the next room.

We noticed the boy drawing a picture.

I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.

Don't have the boy crying all the time.

13． Infinitives can be used as objective complements.

（不定式作賓補）

We want him to come back as soon as possible.

I wish you to take me to that place.

We'll invite him to have dinner.

What caused World War Ⅱ to take place?

I cannot bear you to be unhappy.

In the end I got him to see my point of view.

We'd better ask another student to do it.

14．Up to now, we have learned nine verbs which are followed by infinitives without“to”. Can you tell me what they are?

15．Do translations, using infinitives without“to”.

A．有人見他進了屋子。

B．他被迫留下來并接受懲罰。

C．人們常聽他唱這支歌。

D．人們注意到小偷溜進了這所房子。

16．The direct and indirect object.

Some verbs frequently or even regularly take two objects.

We bought her some flowers.

In English, we call her the indirect object and some flowers direct object。

17．常見的可跟直接賓語和間接賓語的動詞有：

give， send， buy， refuse， tell， ask，teach， write， get， pay， show， cause等。

18． Do the following translations.

A．我明天給你買件新襯衣。

B．你能搞到一兩張音樂會的票嗎？

C．請出示護照。

D．老板給雇員付酬金。

E．下次來時請帶教科書。

F．給我倒杯茶好嗎？

G．他拒絕了你的這點兒盛情。

H．別急，我會給你們講故事的。

I．許久沒收到他的來信，他決定給他再寫一封。

J．火車晚點給我們帶來了不少麻煩。

19．

As is seen from the sentences above, the indirect object nearly always denotes a person and is generally a personal pronoun.

If the direct object is also a personal pronoun （it, them）,it is placed after the verb and the indirect object is often introduced by to or for.

Translate the following sentences.

A．把那東西給我。

B．小明今天早晨把那些東西送給你了。

C．我們會為你買那東西的。

D．我會為她把那些東西弄到手的。

E．他把款付給了我。

20． In grammar, we have a word “gerund”. In a sentence, it can be used as object.

21．“Gerund”的意思是“動名詞”，現代英語中，我們不太強調這種說法了，而常用動詞的ing形式來代替“動名詞”。

在下列詞的后邊加 ing 作賓語。

avoid, can't help, be busy, excuse, fancy, mind, finish, enjoy, practise, give up, put off, suggest等。

Please give some examples, using the words above.

22．V-ing form can be used after a preposition.

A．魏芳喜歡跳舞。（be fond of）

B．我沒考慮講很長時間。（think of）

C．通過努力學習，你才能多得知識。（by…）

D．感謝你們光臨這個音樂會。（for）

E．他主動前來幫忙。（without）

F．對不起，來晚了。（for）

G．我可不喜歡立即就走開這個想法。（the idea of）

23．After“remember”, “stop”“forget”, “regret”, “go on”, “like”, a gerund or an infinitive makes a difference in meaning.

I remember going there.

=I remember that I went there.

I remember to buy the ticket.

＝ I remember that I must buy the ticket.

I forgot locking the door.

=I forgot that I had locked the door.

I forgot to tell him about it.

=I forgot that I should have told him about it.

I like singing pop songs.

=To sing pop songs is my hobby.

I'd like to go with you.

=If you ask me to go with you, I am very happy to do that.

24．由于動名詞來源于動詞，又起到名詞的作用，所以動名詞，又像名詞那樣可以在它的前邊用物主代詞。

e.g. your coming, your being late, etc.

Give some sentences, showing that you know the usage.

25． Some verbs, such as“ know”, “wonder”, “show”, “teach”, “tell”,“ask”and“learn” can be followed by an infinitive with“how”, “what”, “when”, “where”and “whether”.

A．Do you know what to do next?

B．He learned how to make model planes.

C．We have not made up our mind whether to go or stay here.

D．I wonder why to do it.

E．Tell me where to go and what to see.

F．Let's ask the policeman which way to go.

26．賓語從句可以出現在及物動詞的后邊或介詞的后邊，而且從句要用陳述句式，即主語在前，謂語在后。

I am interested in how you did the experiment.

He got angry because of what you had said about him behind his back.

Can you give me some more examples?

Students

1．What can be used after a transitive verb is called object.

2．Charles came. （intransitive, for there is no object after “came”. ）

Charles took a ticket.

（transitive, for there is “ticket” after “took”.）

3． Are the following correct?

A．The girl plays the violin.

She plays very well.

B．The headmaster left Beijing.

He left yesterday.

C．He is painting a picture.