Unit9 When was it invented? 它是什么時(shí)候（被）發(fā)明的？

一.教學(xué)內(nèi)容：

Hello, boys and girls. Nice to meet you again. Today we’re going to study Unit 9-When was it invented? 它是什么時(shí)候（被）發(fā)明的？In this unit we’ll learn a new grammar-passive voice(被動(dòng)語態(tài)) .In the same time we’ll talk about the history of some inventions. Now let’s begin our class.

二. 教學(xué)目標(biāo)：

1. 學(xué)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)及用法；

2. 了解諸多發(fā)明的歷史，從小立志長大后做一個(gè)有利于人類的發(fā)明家。

三. 詞匯：

單詞：

salt, sweet, sour, crispy, pleasant, potato chips, slipper, leaf, fire, scoop, light bulb, microwave oven, abacus, camera, beverage

短語：

be invented by sb. 由某人發(fā)明的 be invented in sw. 在某處發(fā)明的

be used for 用來做… in the end最后；終于

be mistake 錯(cuò)誤地 by accident 偶然；意外地

not…until…太…，以至于 according to 根據(jù)

in this way 用這種方法（方式）

重點(diǎn)句型：

When was the car invented?

小汽車是什么發(fā)明的？

It was invented in 1885.

它是在1885年發(fā)明的。

Who were they invented by?

它們是由誰發(fā)明的？

They were invented by Julie Thompson.

它們是由Julie Thompson 發(fā)明的。

What are they used for?

它們是用來做什么的？

They’re used for seeing in the dark.

它們是用來在黑暗處看東西的。

Tea wasn’t brought to the western world until 1610.

茶是1610年才被帶到西方（世界）的。

四. 語法：

被動(dòng)語態(tài)：被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是句中的動(dòng)詞即謂語動(dòng)詞的承受者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)常常用by短語來說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，如，These books were all written by Lu Xun.（這些書都是魯訊寫的）。當(dāng)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，by短語就可以省略。由于不及物動(dòng)詞不能帶賓語，因此它沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式由助動(dòng)詞be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(done)構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be 必須和主語的人稱和數(shù)一致，并且表示出時(shí)態(tài)、語氣等。

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法：

1. 只知道動(dòng)作的承受者，不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

The watch was passed up to the woman.

手表傳給了那位婦女。

2. 沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

The classroom is cleaned every day.

教室每天都打掃。

3. 有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者。

Thanks. My pen has been found.

謝謝你。我的鋼筆已經(jīng)找到了。

4. 有些動(dòng)作習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

His father was born in 1962.

他爸爸生于1962年。

五. 具體內(nèi)容：

Section A:

1. I think the telephone was invented before ( after ) the car.

我認(rèn)為電話是在汽車之前（之后）發(fā)明的。

2. It’s used for scooping really cold ice cream.

它是用來舀特別涼的冰淇淋用的。

be used + 介詞結(jié)構(gòu)的幾種常見用法：

1）be used for 意為“被作為……使用”，“用來作……”，“為了……而使用”。

Bamboo can be used for carrying water.

竹子可以用來運(yùn)水。

This cup is used for watching.這個(gè)杯子是用來觀賞的。

2）be used as 的意思是“作為……使用”，“用作……”。

This bag can be used as a pencil-box. 這個(gè)袋子可以當(dāng)作鉛筆盒來使用。

3）be used by 意為“被……使用”。

English is widely spoken by travelers and many others in the world.

世界上旅游者和其他的許多人都講英語。

4）be used to doing 意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”。

I am used to reading in the morning.

我習(xí)慣早晨看書。

Section B---3a:

1. 題目 Who invented tea? 誰發(fā)明了茶？

請(qǐng)比較：Who was tea invented by? 茶是由誰發(fā)明的？

2. Although tea wasn’t brought to the western world until 1610,…

not…until… 的意思是“直到……，才……。”

We didn’t finish our work until midnight yesterday.

我們昨天午夜才結(jié)束工作。

Mr Chen won’t come here to see us until he returns to China.

直到陳先生回到中國才能來看我們。

3. discover, find out 和invent的區(qū)別。

discover, find out 和invent都有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思，但各自又有自己的特點(diǎn)。

1）discover的意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，指發(fā)現(xiàn)的對(duì)象是原本就存在的，只是以前不知道。

Xiao Ming discovered a new star in the sky last night.

小明昨天晚上發(fā)現(xiàn)了空中的一顆新星。

2）invent 的意思是“發(fā)明”，發(fā)明的對(duì)象是以前從來沒有過的新東西。

Do you know who invented bicycles?

你知道誰發(fā)明的自行車嗎？

3）find out 是指 “發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明”，強(qiáng)調(diào)找出原因，發(fā)現(xiàn)情況等。

In the end, the old grandma found out the number of the children.

老奶奶最后終于弄清了孩子們的數(shù)（有多少孩子）。

【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：40分鐘）

I. 選擇填空：

1. Many friends of ______have some inventions.

A. my B. mine C. I

2. What are those strange things used_______ , do you know?

A. to B. in C. for

3. Can you tell me _______the train was invented?

A. what B. who C. where

4. My bedroom ______ every morning. My mom _______ it.

A. cleans/ is cleaning B. is cleaned/ cleans C. cleaned/ cleaning

5. This kind of shoes is made by a worker ______ Johnson.

A. name B. names C. named

6. Chinese is now _______ by many people in different places.

A. learning B. learnt C. learns

7. ________ his brother got the first winner. They were very excited.

A. In the end B. By the end C. At first

8. He said sorry to me that he took my school clothes ______ mistake.

A. with B. by C. on

9. I think the telephone was one of the greatest _______.

A. invented B. inventors C. inventions

10. I _______ to leave at once, or I’ll be late for the meeting.

A. tell B. be told C. am told

II. 完型填空：

We were going to play a team from a country school. They didn’t come until the game time arrived. They looked ___1____ than we had thought. They were wearing dirty blue jeans and looked like farm boys. We even thought that they had never seen a basketball before.

We all sat down. We felt that we didn’t ___2____ any practice against a team like that

It was already so late that no ___3___ could be given to them for a warm-up.

The game began.

One of our boys ___4___ the ball and he shot a long pass to our forward（前鋒）. From out of nowhere a boy in a dirty T-shirt ___5____ the pass and with a beautiful form he shot and got two points.

They ___6___ us.

Then they got another ___7____ of points in a minute.

Soon it was all over. The country team ___8____ us.

We certainly learned that even though a team is good, there is usually another ___9___ a little better. But the important lesson learned was: One can’t tell a man, or a team, by the ___10___.

1. A. stronger B. younger C. worse D. less

2. A. get B. try C. use D. need

3. A. basket B. space C. ball D. time

4. A. got B. played C. missed D. carried

5. A. caught B. changed C. started D. stopped

6. A. surprised B. kept C. broke D. hit

7. A. half B. pair C. group D. double

8. A. won B. saved C. beat D. joined

9. A. just B. already C. about D. almost

10. A. T-shirt B. clothes C. places D. points

III. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)練習(xí)

A. 將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，每空一詞。

1. We can finish the work in two days.

The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.

2. They produce silk in Suzhou.

Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.

3. The children will sing an English song.

An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.

4. I have given this book to the library.

This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.

5. Did they build a bridge here a year ago?

____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?

6. We'll put on an English play in our school.

An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.

7. More and more farmers buy color TV sets.

Color TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.

8. We must water the flowers every day.

The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.

9. They use knives for cutting things.

Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.

10. You can dig a hole in the earth.

A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.

B. 用動(dòng)詞的正確語態(tài)填空。

1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.

3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

5. What ___ a knife ______ (make) of?

It _______________ (make) of metal and wood.

6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.

7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library?

8. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.

9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.

10. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.

【試題答案】

I. 選擇填空：1-5 BCCBC 6-10 BABCC

II. 完型填空：1-5CDDAD 6-10 ABCAB

III. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)練習(xí)：

A. 將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，每空一詞。

1. can, be, finished 2. is, produced

3. will, be, sung 4. has, been, given

5. Was, built 6. will, be, put

7. are, bought, by 8. be, watered

9. Are, used 10. can, be, dug

B. 用動(dòng)詞的正確語態(tài)填空。

1. are, told 2. will, be ,put

3. must, be, sent 4. are, sold

5. is, made, is, made 6. was, given

7. Can, be, taken 8. is, learned

9. can, be, seen 10. are, made