Unit 8 First Aid
I. Brief Statements Based on the Unit
In this unit, students will do some listening, speaking, reading and writing practice, Besides, they will study the grammar item: the Subjunctive Mood. In the first period, the teacher should help Ss improve their listening ability by listening to two dialogues and finishing the exercises in the listening part. Also, Ss will read a notice about safety at home. From the notice they will know what they should do and shouldn't do at home. Then with the help of the given useful expressions below the notice, Ss will make their own dialogues. In this period, Ss will also talk about first aid according to the pictures in warming up. This may make Ss be interested in the topic of this unit, so that in the second period, when Ss read more about first aid, they will understand the text better. Through the reading material in the second period, Ss will not only improve their reading ability, but they will also learn some knowledge of first aid, which will be helpful in case of accidents in future. In the third period, Ss will revise the useful words learnt in the first two periods and study the grammar item: the Subjunctive Mood. Lots of practice is provided in this part for Ss to master it better. In the fourth period, the teacher should help Ss to improve their integrating skills by reading a passage about dealing with common injuries and writing a paragraph to explain what should be done in case of an accident. After this period, Ss can learn much about first aid and also they learn to write a paragraph to tell others about first aid.
Ⅱ.Teaching Goals
1. Talk about first aid and medicine.
2. Practise talking about what you should and should not do.
3. Learn to use the Subjunctive Mood (2).
4. Write a process paragraph.
Ⅲ. Teaching Time. Five periods
Period 1 Warming up
Teaching Aims
1．Train the students’ listening ability．
2．Help the students to improve their speaking ability by talking about first aid and medicine．
3．Learn and master some useful words and phrases：drown，bleed，choke，prevent，electric，electrical，catch fire．be on fire
Teaching Important Points：
1. Improve the students’ listening ability．
2. Train the students’ speaking ability.
Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to improve the students’ listening ability.
2. how to help the students finish the speaking practice.
Teaching Methods：
1．Listening-and-answering activity to help the students go through the listening material．
2．Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class．
Teaching Aids
1．a(chǎn) tape recorder
2．the blackboard
Teaching Procedures：
Step 1 Warming up
T：Yesterday our class won the basketball match, unluckily, most of the players are badly injured, when your leg was hurt, what should you do?
S: We should do some first aid.
T: How do you come to school every day，Li Hua?
S：I come to school by bike．
T：You must be very careful, because there’re so many cars, motorbicycles，bikes and also walkers on the road every day．If you are not careful enough, you may have an accident．Have you ever seen an accident?
S：Yes．Once when I was going home．I saw a boy was knocked down by a bike．
T：RealIy? Was the boy hurt?
S：Luckily he wasn’t hurt badly．Only his left leg was hurt a little but there was nothing serious．He picked himself up and went away．
T：The boy was so lucky．But if his leg is broken, what can we do to help him?
S：I think we should call for a doctor or an ambulance．
T：Yes，I think you’re right．But before the doctor comes, what can we do to help him?
Step 2 Quiz
First Aid Quiz
What should you do if you find a person whose leg is bleeding? B
Tie a piece of cloth round the leg above the bleeding point
Press firmly on the bleeding point using a clean handkerchief.
2. To treat a burn, you: B
A. Rub(涂,擦) some butter on it.
B. Hold the burnt part under cold running water.
3. What should you do if you find a person who has stopped breathing? B
Run and find help.
Try to start his/ her breathing.
4. What should you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake? B
Make the person throw up.
Take the person and the poison container to hospital at once.
5. What should you do if you find a person with a knife in his/her back?A
Leave the knife in.
Pull out the knife
6. What should you do if you find a person trapped under a car? B
A. Try to pull him/her out.
B. Find enough people to lift the car safely.
7. The best way to treat a hurt ankle(踝關(guān)節(jié)) is to: A
Put an ice pack on your ankle.
Put a heating pad(電熱墊) around your ankle.
Step 3 Warming up
Now，please turn to Page 57 and look at the pictures in Warming up．Have a discussion in pairs to find out
What would you do in these situations ?
What could we do to prevent these accidents ?
(Give the students a moment to prepare and then ask some pairs to report their results．)
Picture 1
Drowning
Check to see if he/she is breathing, Try to start his/her breathing, use the mouth- to-mouth method
Never swim in deep water.
A: The drowning man has just been brought out of the water. He is dying.
B: What would you do in the situation?
A: We should lay him on his back and try to start his breathing at once.
B: What could we do to prevent this accident?
A: We should learn how to swim, never swim alone and don’t swim in dangerous rivers.
Picture 2
Traffic accident
Call for a doctor or an ambulance, Never pull her out of the car
Find enough people to lift the car safely and take her to hospital at once.
Look at both side when crossing the street.
A: The woman knocked off her bike by the passing car and was badly hurt.
B: What could you do?
A: Don’t move her, and call the ambulance.
B: What could we do to prevent traffic accident?
A: Everyone should follow the traffic rules and be attentive and careful and never run in traffic.
Picture 3
Burns
Call 119 first and tell them the exact
Address on the phone.
If someone is badly burnt, we should call 120 to ask for an ambulance.
Never play with fire. Be careful with gas. Make sure that all the electric wires are safe.
A: The man’s house catches fire and is burning down. He is running out of the house.
B: What would you do in the situation?
A: We should find the nearest telephone and call 119.
B: What could we do to prevent the accident?
A: Don’t leave lamps and candles burning in your house, and be careful when you cook.
Picture 4
Bleeding
Try to stop the bleeding, Press a handkerchief onto the bleeding point and hold it there.
Hold up the part of body which is bleeding if possible.
A: The girl is hurt and is bleeding badly.
B: What would you in the situation?
A: We should help her to press firmly on the bleeding point using a clean handchief.
B: What could we do to prevent the accident?
A: Don’t play with knives or the sharp objects.
Picture 5
Cuts
Go to the hospital at once . Never pull it out of the cut.
If the cut is not serious, we can wash the area of cut, dry it and cover it with a piece of dry and clean cloth.
A: What should you do if you find the old man with a knife in his arm?
B: Leave the knife in and get him to hospital as quickly as possible. If you pull the knife out .you
may cause more damage.
Picture 6
Choking
Make him/her spit by patting her/him on the back..
To avoid this, we shouldn’t talk or laugh when eating.
A: The man is choking while he is eating.
B: What should you do in the situation?
A: If you are well trained in first aid, you can try to get out the thing in the mouth and clear the airway.
B: What could we do to prevent the accident?
A: Don’t eat too fast and don’t chew your food. Don’t talk while having food in the mouth.
(Words and expressions to be used: drowning bleeding choking situation prevent poison container catch fire electrical equipment first aid )
Step 4 Speaking
T: Just now we've discussed what we should do when some accidents happen. But you know certain things at home can be dangerous. So we must know what we should do and shouldn't do. Here are some dos and don'ts. Work in pairs to tell each other what you should do and shouldn't do.
Task 1 . Discussion:
What should you do if you find ……
a person fall off the second floor ?
a person who has stopped breathing ?
a person whose leg is bleeding ?
What things at home can be dangerous ?
electrical equipment knives Electric fires hot water Poisons windows ladders
Task 2. Discussion:
How to prevent us from being injured at home ?
Electricity:
Make sure that electric wires are safe and that children can’t touch them.
Cooking
If a pan of oil catches fire, turn off the gas and cover the pan quickly.
Things in mouth:
Don’t leave small things on the floor or table which a baby can put in its mouth.
Poisons :
Don’t pour poisons into other containers, for example, empty bottles . keep them on a high shelf out of the reach of children.
What must you do if you are badly burnt?
Cool the area of skin at once . wash the area of skin under the cold tap of several minutes. Put a piece of dry clean cloth over the area of the burn.
How do you deal with a simple cut ?
Wash the area of the cut, dry it and cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth.
What should you do when a person is bitten by an animal ?
Wash the wound under cold running water, then see a doctor as soon as possible.
More advice
Gas fires : If you are using one of these, check that a window is open.
Water: Make sure that young children can not get close to pools, lakes and rivers by themselves
Ladders : Don’t use them on a wet floor. Get someone to hold the ladder for you. Don’t reach sideways while standing on a ladder. Get down first and move the ladder.
Additional advice
put away knives, forks, containers with hot water beyond the reach of children.
tell children not to play with matches, lighters. In short, tell them not to play with fire.
Don’t forget to phone 120 and 110 whenever necessary !
Task 3 work in pairs.
Use the lists of dos and don’ts below to tell each other what you should and should not do.
Safety around the house
Dos
A . make sure that electric wires are safe and that children can’t reach them.
B. if a pan of oil catches fire, turn off the gas and cover the pan quickly.
C . make sure that everyone in your family knows how to call 110 and 120.
D. learn more about first aid.
Don’ts
Don’t put poisons into other containers, for example empty bottles.
Never leave small things a baby can put in its mouth on the floor or table.
Don’t play with electrical equipment.
Never use ladders on wet floor.
Useful expressions
You should always…. You must……Make sure that ……. You ought to/should…..
You have to ……You should not ………. You should never……..
You must never….. Never……….. Please don’t…………….
Step 5 Preparation for Listening
T: OK. We've talked much about what we should do when an accident happens and what we should do and shouldn't do at home. I think you've known something about first aid. Look at the Listening part. Here are two pictures. Look at the first picture, please. What can you see?
S: I can see a boy, a nurse and a man.
T: What do you think has happened?
S: I think there's something wrong with the boy, and the man is worried about him and he is explaining something to the nurse.
T: Good. Now, look at the second picture, please. What do you see in the picture?
S: I can see a little girl and her mother, and there's also a nurse.
T: What do you guess has happened?
S: From the ink bottle I guess the little girl may have drunk some ink.
T: OK. From the two pictures, we can guess some information about the stories. Now, read the requirements quickly and find out what to do.
(Give Ss a few minutes to prepare. )
Step 6 Listening
Now read the requirements quickly and find out what to do .
While-listening: listen to the tape and finish the exercises on P58.
Listen to the tape. What happened to each child ?
Child 1 : _____________________________ Child 2 :_______________________________
Listen to the tape again and answer the questions.
Child 1 child 2
When did it happen ? Was any first aid given? If so what was given ?
Listen to the nurse’s questions in the first dialogue and write them down..
Can __________________________?
What’s ________________________?
What did you do ________________?
Does __________________________?
Step 7 Summary
T: Today, we've talked about what we should do in case of accidents. And also we have learnt what we shouldn't do at home. This is quite useful to us. After class, you should try to remember them. If you want to know more about first aid, you can preview the reading passage. That’s all
Homework
Preview reading
The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 8 First aid
The First Period
Words and expressions:
drown vt./vi, catch fire
bleed vi. be on fire
choke vt./vi, electric
prevent vt. electrical