本章教學目標

(1)通過本單元對話學習，學會談論天氣的常見表達方法；

(2)通過閱讀本單元課文，培養學生閱讀理解能力，并通過讓學生了解無數偉人身殘志不殘，取得卓著成績的事跡，鼓勵學生積極進取。同時培養學生的愛心，關心幫助殘疾人；

(3)通過教學要求學生學會使用倒裝句進行交際運用，掌握本單元基本詞組及句式。

重點難點突破

【對話】

1．Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.希望明天會變晴。Hopefully=It is hoped that...=(We)hope that...(我們)希望……

Hope fully we will meet again on Sunday.希望我們能在星期天再見面。

Hope fully, they will reach an agreement after the talk.會談之后，他們有望達成協議。

下列副詞常獨立于句首，用來表示說話人的觀點作后面句子的狀語：

surprisingly/astonishingly(令人吃驚的是);happily(for sb.)(令人高興的是)；sadly(令人悲傷的是)；luckily/fortunately(幸運的是)等

2．turn out“結果，最后情況是……”

turn out+形容詞/名詞/副詞/不定式(to be)/that引導的從句(用先行詞it作主語)

The boy turned out successful after all.這個男孩終于成功了。

The accident turned out a good thing.這個事故最后變成了好事。

Everything turned out well.一切都很順利。

The English evening turned out to be a great success.結果英語晚會開得很成功。

It turned out that the massage sent to him was not correct.結果是發給他的消息有誤。

3．my dream has come true.……我的夢想實現了。

come true(指希望，夢想)實現，到達

May all your dreams come true!愿你所有的夢想成真！

It turned out that their warnings came true.結果，他們的警告成了事實。

4．even though l can't see anything.……盡管我不能看到一切。

Even though=even if“即使”、“盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句。

She won't leave the TV set, even though/if her husband is waiting for his supper.即使她的丈夫在等著吃晚飯，她也不愿意離開電視機。

They will stand by you even though/if you don't succeed.即使你不會成功，他們也會支持你。

5．l know that one of the towers is on the top of a hill, but the rest of the buildings are easy to get to.我知道有一座廟宇在山頂上，但是其它的建筑物都很容易去。

本句型為：Sth./Sb.+be+adj.+to do

本句型常用來說明句子主語的性質或特征。動詞不定式與句子的主語之間常有一種邏輯上的動賓關系，即句子的主語通常是該不定式的邏輯主語。

(1)若句子的主語與及物動詞的不定式在邏輯上有動賓關系，不定式就不能再帶有賓語。

The question is difficult to answer(to answer the question).這問題難回答。

(2)本句型中的不定式如果是不及物動詞，則要注意使用相應的介詞。

The thin ice is dangerous to skate on(to skate on the thin ice).在這么薄的冰上滑冰是很危險的。

【課文】

1．In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.在英國一所大學的演講廳里坐著一位教授。

這是一個倒裝句，它的語序“狀語+謂語+主語”，其中的狀語主要是介詞短語。這樣安排的倒裝句可以使句子比較平穩，并使句子前后聯系比較緊密，而且也給狀語以比較突出的地位。

In the middle of the square stands a monument, which was built in 1 955.

在廣場中間矗立著一塊紀念碑，它是1955年建成的。

From the valley came an old man with a gun in his hand.從山谷里走出一位老人，手里拿著槍。

2．That is because this professor has a disease which prevents him from speaking.這是因為這位教授得了一種病，使他不能講話了。

(1)prevent sb.(from)doing sth.使……不做某事，阻止……做某事

There is nothing to prevent her from marrying Frank.任何事都不能阻止她嫁給弗蘭克。

Who prevents their plan from being carried out?有誰會阻止他們計劃的實施呢？

(2)prevent sb.from doing短語中的介詞from可省略，但在被動語態中不可省略。

we were prevented by the heavy rain from going to the park.(from不可省)昨天下大雨，使我們來不了。

The heavy rain prevented us(from)going to the park.(from可省)

注意：與prevent sb.from doing 相同的詞組有keep sb./sth.from doing sth.(from不可省)和stop sb./sth.(from)doing(from可省略)

3．Not only does he have to type out the answer on a computer, but he also gets the computer to translate it into sounds.他不僅要把答語在計算機上打出來，而且還要讓計算機把答語轉變成聲音。

Not only...but also...(不僅……而且……)引起局部倒裝的句型

(1)在not only...but also...結構中，當not only位于句首時，not only部分引起部分倒裝，但but also部分不倒裝。

Not only could he type but also he could operate the computer.他不但會打字而且會操作計算機。

Not only is the problem very important, but also it is difficult to solve.

這個問題不僅重要，而且難以解決。

(2)如果位于句首的not only...but also...連接兩個并列的主語，就不用倒裝。

Not only men but also women and children are affected by the new law.

不但男人，而且連婦女和兒童都受到新法律的影響。

Not only you but also he is wrong.不但你錯了，他也錯了。

Not only he but also you are wrong不但他錯了，你也錯了。

注意：not only...but also...中的also有時可省略。

This concerns not only you but your sister這不僅關系到你，而且關系到你姐姐。

4．(he decided to continue with his research and his writing.……他決定繼續從事研究和寫作。)Continue with=go on with繼續(做某事)

I was tired of him, but he still continued with his explanation.我已厭煩了他，可他繼續作解釋。continue可作及物動詞，其后跟名詞．動名詞或動詞不定式

After that they continued with the business.之后他們繼續做這個買賣。

5．As a matter of fact，many people have a disability.事實上很多人都有某種殘疾。

as a matter of fact=in fact事實上，實際上

As a matter of fact, I know nothing about it.其實我對此事一無所知。

She didn't go to see the film as a matter of fact.事實上她沒有去看電影。

6．it is probable that one day we will end up with a disability.……很可能有一天我們終會變成殘疾。

end v.結束，終止，完結

(1)與up連用，加強語氣，表示“最后的……結局”

How does the story end up?這個故事是怎樣結尾的？

If you go on stealing, you will end up in prison.如果你繼續行竊，總有一天你會坐牢的。反義詞組start/begin with

(2)end up with意思是“最后”或“以……結束”、“以……告終”

At the dinner we usually started with soup and ended up with fruit. 在宴會上我們開始的第一道菜是湯，最后一道是水果。

He ended up his speech with a polite“thank you”.她以一聲“謝謝”禮貌地結束講話。

7．Once, people would often be referred to as“deaf”or“blind”.過去有些人常被稱之為“聾子”或“瞎子”。注意：refer to的用法

refer to...as把……稱作，稱之為……

Coal is often referred to as food for industry.煤常被稱作工業的糧食。

The U.S.A. is often referred to as Uncle Sam. 美國常被人稱作山姆大叔。

8．at(the)latest(固定短語)最遲，至遲

In a few days at latest I will return.我最遲過幾天就返回。

Be here on Monday at (the)latest.最遲不翅過星期一到達這里。

9．look forward to sth./doing sth.期待，盼望(常指愉快的心情)

I'm looking forward to receiving your reply.我盼望著收到你的回音。

Everyone was looking forward to this day.大家都在盼望著這一天。

I'm looking forward to seeing you at the airport.我盼望在機場見到你。

核心知識

【詞匯】

disability a physical injury or mental illness that severely affects your life

brain the mind and the way that people think

sense the physical abilities of sight, smell, hearing ,touch, and taste

nervous worried and frightened

treatment all the things that are done in order to make a sick or injured person well again

splendid excellent; beautiful and impressive

declare state officially

seize take hold of sth. quickly and firmly

conduct lead or guide

【短語】

dream of/come true/even though/if/as though/in need of/as a matter of fact / end up/ at the latest/look for ward to

【句型】

1．Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.

2．We must also make sure the signs are clear and easy to read.

【日常交際用語】

1．It's a beautiful day today.

2．It's a bit... today, isn't it?

3．Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.

4．So far as I know, tomorrow should be fine, too.

5．You said that you hoped...

6．I hope so. Have a good day.

典型例題

【基礎題】

★★例1 The question is very important. It really needs___________.

A．discussing carefully B．being discussed carefully

C．to discuss carefully D．carefully to be discussing

導析：本題考查動詞need的用法。動詞need作“需要”解時，后面可接不定式的被動結構或動名詞的主動結構作其賓語。答案：A

★★例2

-Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?

--I don't know,___________．

A．nor don't I care B．nor do I care C．I don't care neither D．I don't care also

導析：nor, neither, so用于句首時，句子形成倒裝。 nor和neither用于否定句表示“也不”；so用于肯定句，表示“也”。答案：B

★★例3 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to___________．

A．sit B．sit on

C．be sat D．be sat on

導析：本題考查不定式作狀語的用法。在“名詞(代詞)+be +adj.(easy

difficult, comfortable等)+不定式”句型中，不定式常是主動形式表示被動意義。如果不定式為不及物動詞時，后面要加上必要的介詞。答案：B

【易錯題】

★★★例Only when the war was over ___________to his hometown.

A．did the young soldier return B．the young soldier returned

C．returned the young soldier D．the young soldier did return.

導析：本題考查的是“only+狀語”放在句首的倒裝句。以only開頭的句子(后面為副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句)時，句子需用部分倒裝。答案：A

【創新題】

★★例1

-Would you rather go to the cinema or stay at home watching TV?

__________the film is good, I will stay and watch TV.

A．No matter how B．Even though

C．If D．In spite of

導析：本題考查連詞的用法。根據答語“I'll stay at home watching TV”(我要在家看電視)這一語境，可推斷答語前半句應是“即使電影好”，故正確答案為Even though。選項D也表示“即使”的意思，但其后必須接名詞，不能接從句。答案：B

★★例2

--Take this medicine, please.

--Do I have to? It tasted________.

A．horrible B．horribly

C．being horrible D．like horrible

導析：本題考查系動詞的用法。題中tasted可作及物動詞，意為“品嘗”，也可作系動詞，意為“嘗起來”。根據語境，此處作系動詞，后面應跟形容詞作表語。因此最佳答案為horrible。有相同用法的系動詞還有feel、smell、look、sound。答案：A

【高考題】

★★例1(1995年，全國)Not until all the fish died in the river, __________how serious the pollution is.

A．did the villagers realize B．the villagers realized

C．the villagers did realize D．didn't the villagers realize

導析：Not until引導狀語從句用于句首時，主句半倒裝。又因為Not...until句型中的not放在句首，所以主句部分不用否定句。答案：A

★★例2(2000年，全國春季)I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life __________so happy.

A．did I feel B．I felt C．I had felt D．had I felt

導析：當表示否定意義的詞，如hardly, seldom, never, little, no, not, not only, not until等，放在句首時，句子需用部分倒裝。答案：D