一、單元考點提示

1.單詞

by sea relate to share(v.) mark with long before turn to apart from tour (be)busy with ( be)determined to do sth. disobey key figure in peace oppose think up take up arms work on keep one’s promise with the purpose of

2.句型

You’d better(not)… Let’s …

You need to… What/How about…？

（I think）you should/ought to…

Shall we…？

I suggest（that）you…

Why not…？ Why don’t you…？

I will…

I have decided to /that…

I have (not)decided wh-clause / wh-word to…

I insist on /that…

3.語法

復習句子成分--賓語

復習句子成份--賓語補足語

二、考點精析與拓展

1.settle vt.定居，解決（事端，矛盾等）安排，決定

We have settled a party on Wednesday evening.

星期三晚上我們安排了一次聚會。

This medicine should settle your nerves.

這種藥會使你鎮靜下來。

They settled their quarrel in a friendly way.

他們用一種友好的方法解決了爭端。

2.make up 創造，編造，彌補，化妝，構成，占有

John made up that joke about the talking dog.

約翰編了一個會講話的狗的笑話。

The number of the college students in the country makes up only 1%of the population.

這個國家的大學生的數量僅占人口的百分之一。

I have to make up the test I missed last week.

我上周沒考試，我必須補考。

John and Tom quarreled, but make up after a while.

約翰和湯姆吵架了，但一會兒就和好了。

由make構成的其他短語：

make sense有意義 make faces/a face做鬼臉

be made of /from由……制成 be made into把……制成……

make it成功，達到目的 make out理解；勉強分辨出

make up one’s mind下定決心

3.keep…alive使……繼續有效存在/進行

We must keep the good revolutionary traditions alive.

我們必須把好的革命傳統流傳下去。

How can we keep the fish alive?我們如何使魚活首？

拓展：keep+賓語+賓補(v.-ing/v. –ed/adj. / adv. / prep. phr)

I’m sorry for keeping you waiting all the afternoon.

很抱歉讓你等了一下午。

Keeping the door and windows closed all the time is not good for your health.

總是關著門窗對健康不利。

用keep構成的常用短語：

keep an eye on 留神照看 keep body and soul together勉強生活

keep in touch with與……保持聯系

keep time/regular hours守時（有規律）

4.be of +adj. +抽象名詞表性質、特征，其作用相當于be + adj.

常用抽象名詞：use, value, interest, importance, education, quality等

This book is of no use( / useless).

這本書沒多大用處。

The young man is of good education( / well educated).

這位青年人受過良好的教育。

Customers don’t show any interest in goods that are of poor quality.

這位顧客對劣質的商品不感興趣。

對比：be + of +具體名詞 表類屬，常用名詞：size, colour, age, shape等。

The two children are of an age / the same age.(= This child is as old as that one.)

這兩個孩子同歲。

All of these rooms are of a size.

所有的這些房子一樣大。

5.be related(to)和……有聯系，和……有關

The Dutch language is closely related to German.

荷蘭語和德語密切相關。

They are related to me by marriage.

靠婚姻關系他們和我有了聯系。

拓展：n. relation

(1)[u]關系，聯系（有時可加不定冠詞）

Doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer.

醫生們認為肺癌與吸煙有關。

(2)（復數）（人與人或國家與國家之間的相互）關系

I have had business relations with h im. 我和他已有業務聯系。

(3)[c]親戚，表示特別親密的、友好的關系（relative親戚，單純的親戚關系；在法律上通用。在一般情況下多用relative）

My immediate relations are my parents.我的直系親屬是父母。

6.out of work失業

He was been out of work for over three months.

他已失業三個月了。

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of people out of work in that country.

近幾年那個國家的失業人數在增長。

拓展：be out of work = lose one’s work失業be in work在業，有工作

7.apart from(= besides/in addition to)除……之外（表示加上，否定句中與except通用）

The children hardly see anyone apart from their parents.

除父母外，孩子們幾乎看不到其他任何人。

Apart from them, I had no one to talk to.

除了他們，沒有人和我談話。

Apart from the price, the hat doesn’t suit me.

除了價格，這項帽子也不適合我戴。

對比：

except：將一個或幾個人或物從同一類或普通的種類中除外（表示減法），其后可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式（短語）或wh-從句。

except for：說明整個基本情況后，對細節加以糾正，其后一般接名詞。

except that：用來表示理由后細節，修正前面所說的情況，其后須接從句，可以與except for互換。

except when：除了……的時候

Everybody except John was able to answer it.

除約翰外每個人都能回答。

Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

( = Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.)

你的作文很好，只是有幾處拼寫錯誤。

I know nothing about him except that he comes from Africa.

除了他來自非洲之外我對他一無所知。

He goes to work every day except when he is ill.

除了生命以外他每天都去上班。

8.由way構成的短語

way of life生活方式 all the way一路上，自始至終

any way無論如何

by the way 順便說 bay way of 通過……經由

ways and means辦法

get in one’s way 妨礙 in a (one)way在某種程度上

in no way決不

lose one’s way迷路 way through 克服困難的途徑

under way在進行中

way out出路 ways out of （擺脫困境等）的方法

on one’s way to在去……的途中

feel one’s way摸黑走，謹慎行事 make one’s own way取得成功，發跡

e.g. Tom will get used to the way of life in the U.S.A. soon.

湯姆很快就會習慣美國的生活方式的。

9.key figure關鍵人物

figure 指有影響力的人物。key原意為鑰匙，在此詞組中作定語，可譯作“關鍵的”。

figure 的復數形式是figures.

Public figures there welcomed the statement.

那里的公眾人物們都歡迎這個聲明。

He became one of the leading figures in the country.

他成為這個國家的領導人之一。

10.govern統治、管理，控制，左右，影響

He was unable to govern his temper.

他控制不住自己的脾氣。

Don’t be governed by what other people say.

不要被別人的話所左右。

The rise and fall of the sea is governed by the movements of the moon.

海水的潮起潮落是受月球運動的影響。

11.on / upon(one’s )n./v.-ing一……就……

On his return to the lab, he set to work.

他一回到實驗室，就開始工作。

On arriving in Paris, he was put into prison.

他一到巴黎就被捕入獄。

The students stood up on the entrance of the headmaster.

校長進來時，學生們都起立。

12.play an important role in 在……方面起重要作用

Such strikes have played an important role in the development of the trade union movement.

此類罷工事件在工會運動的發展中起了重要的作用。

For twenty years, Gandhi played an important role in working for equal right for Indians.

二十年里，甘地在為印度人爭取平等的權利的工作中起重要的作用。

同義詞組：play a part in…/play an important part in…

13.design

（1）v.目的是，打算給……用

The laws were designed to make life difficult for non-whites.

制定這些法律的目的在于使非白人的生活變得困難。

The room was designed for children.

這個房間打算給孩子們用。

The road was not designed for heavy trucks.

這條馬路不是為重型卡車設計的。

(2) n.圖案設計

The building is poor in design.這幢樓設計很差。

14.in prison([u])監禁之中，prison 前不加冠詞，表示被監禁的狀態

He has been in prison for three years.

他已坐牢三年了。

Law-breakers are put in prison.

犯法者被關進監獄。

對比：go to prison坐牢 break(out of )prison越獄

cast…into prison(put…in/into prison)把……關進牢里（表動作）

類似短語：in school/go to school 求學 in hospital/go to hospital住院/去看病

15.march v./n. 游行示威，行進，行軍

She was very angry and marched out. 她很生氣，大步從屋里走了出去。

The soldiers marched on after a short rest.

短暫的休息之后，戰士們繼續前進。

短語：a hunger march反饑餓游行 a forced march強行軍

on the march在行進中 a long and difficult march一次長距離的艱難行軍

steal a march on/ upon(口語)偷襲（尤指以不正當手段）

e.g. The two firms are trying hard to steal a march on the other.

這兩家公司正努力試圖比對方搶先一著。

16.be honoured as… 作為……而受到尊敬

He was honoured as a teacher.

他作為老師而受到人們的尊敬。

Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and was honoured as a hero.

1915年甘地回到印度，并且被尊為英雄。

拓展：v./ n honour-dishonour adj. Honourable-dishonourable（反義詞）

常用短語：show honour to 向某人表示敬意

a sense of honour廉恥心

an honoured guest貴賓

do honour to向……表示敬意，帶來榮譽

on/upon one’s honour以名譽擔保

pay/give honour to向……致敬

honour system無監視的考試制度

in honour of…紀念……

with honour光榮地

for the honour of 為顧全……的榮譽

17.oppose v.（反義詞：support）反對，反抗

People there opposed their government.

那里的人們反對政府。

I oppose this plan because I think it is impractical.

我反對這項計劃，因為我認為它不切實際。

同義詞組：be opposed to / object to /be against

His father is very much opposed to her going abroad.他父親強烈反對她出國。

He objected to working on Sundays.

他反對星期日工作。

We are for peace and against war.

我們贊成和平，反對戰爭。

另：opposition n.（位置）面對，反對

the house in opposition to each other面對面的房子

find oneself in opposition to sb. on a question

發現自己在某問題上與某人意見相反。

18.possess v.擁有（東西，特性）

They asked him whether it is true that he had possessed two cars.

他們問他是否真的擁有兩輛小汽車。

He never possessed much money, but he is possessed of good health.

他從沒有過很多錢，但他總是很健康。

同義詞（組）：own/belong to/have/be possessed of

e.g. He owns a very good dictionary. = A very good dictionary belongs to him.

19.as follows 如下

He received a letter which read as follows.

他收到一封信，信文如下。

The game rules are as follows.

比賽的規劃如下所述。

His arguments are as follows.他的論點如下。

20.value vt.珍視，重視

I value his advice on how to study English well.

我很珍視他的關于如何學好英語的建議。

The may or valued public opinions.

市長很重視公眾的意見。

Gandhi valued ordinary people.

甘地很重視普通人。

三、精典名題導解

題1 （上海2001春招）

Mr . Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to some schools for poor children.

A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up

分析：B。此題考的是短語搭配：devote…to(doing)sth.

題2 （NMET 2002 北京）

Tow middle-aged passengers fell into dead sda. , neither of them could swim.

A. In fact B. Luckily C. Unfortunately D. Naturally

分析：C。從所給情景可以判斷，她們都不會游泳，要填unfortunately.

題3 （NMET 2001）

It is generally believed that teaching is it is a science.

A. an art much as B. much an art as

C. as an art much as D. as much an art as

分析：D。在as(so)…as…中，第一個as是adv.，后接adj，第二個as后接句子。句意為“人們普遍相信，教學是一門科學，同樣是一門藝術”。

題4 （NMET 2000春招）

-It’s good idea. But who’s going to the plan?

-I think Tom and Grey will.

A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get through

分析：B。此題考查的是短語動詞的含義。A的意思是“擱置”；B的意思是“實施、實現或執行”；C的意思是“吸收”；D的意思是“通過或完成”。

題5 The mother didn’t know was to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.

A. who B. when C. how D. what

分析：A。根據句意，空白處應填指人的who, who與to blame構成邏輯上的“動賓”關系。全句意為：由于打破玻璃（杯）的事是母親不在家時發生的，所以她（母親）不知道該責備誰打破了破璃（杯）。

題6 （NMET 2003北京）

The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to .

A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over

分析：A。make it out發現真相，因為受到迷惑，所以試圖發現真相。

題7 （NMET 2002）

The taxi driver often reminds passengers to their belongings when they leave the car.

A. keep B. catch C. hold D. take

分析：D。take拿走，句意為：乘客下車時要把東西帶走。

題8 （NMET 2001 北京）

-Why haven’t you bought any butter?

-I to but I forgot about it.

A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected

分析：C。從提供的情景分析，是打算買而沒買，應用meant。

題9 （NMET 2001 北京）

Have a good rest. You need to your energy for the tennis match this afternoon.

A. leave B. save C. hold D. get

分析：B。save此為“儲存，積攢”之意。